Kunstmatige onvolmaaktheid over de betrouwbaarheid van AI-systemen
Introductie
Kunstmatige intelligentie (AI) is een revolutionaire technologie die ons in staat stelt complexe taken uit te voeren die voorheen te moeilijk of onmogelijk waren. Dankzij technologieën zoals machine learning, contextuele bewustzijn, begripsontwikkeling en herkenning van spraak en gezichtsherkenning worden regelmatig opgaven gedaan die vergelijkbaar zijn met menselijke besluitvorming.
Hoewel artificiële intelligentie (AI) veel potentie heeft, is het ook duidelijk dat er een fundamenteel probleem is met de betrouwbaarheid van AI-systemen. Hoewel veel AI-systemen zeer nauwkeurige resultaten kunnen leveren, wordt het vaak moeilijker om te begrijpen hoe de zelfopgeleide modellen haar beslissingen nep.
In dit artikel zal ik de kunstmatige onvolmaaktheid van AI-systemen kritisch bespreken, door eerst hun beperkingen aan te geven en vervolgens oplossingen en suggesties voor mogelijke verbeteringen te bespreken.
Beperkingen van AI-systemen
Hoewel AI-systemen worden gezien als een geweldige manier om gegevens te analyseren en beslissingen te nemen, zijn er verschillende beperkingen die ervoor kunnen zorgen dat een systeem niet betrouwbaar is.
De meest opvallende beperking is dat AI-systemen zijn gebaseerd op verzamelde gegevens, waarbij modellen worden afgeleid uit die gegevens. Hierdoor kan een AI-model een bepaald patroon herkennen in de data, maar niet begrijpen waarom dat patroon bestaat. Dit kan leiden tot onverwachte resultaten en kan verantwoordelijk zijn voor veel van de problemen waar AI-systemen mee te maken hebben.
Een tweede beperking is dat AI-systemen slechts zo goed zijn als de gegevens waarmee ze worden gevoed. Als het gegevensontwerp foutief is of als er bias in het systeem zit, zoals stereotypering en discriminatie, kunnen de effecten ervan enorm zijn.
Daarnaast hebben AI-systemen ook tendens tot overfitting. Door te veel te focussen op kleine details in de gegevens, kunnen maatregelen worden genomen die niet pertinent (up-to-date) zijn.
Rechtsuitdagingen
Met de steeds stijgende populariteit van Artificial Intelligence (AI) staan bedrijven voor de uitdaging om ervoor te zorgen dat hun AI-systemen eerlijk, ethisch en rechtmatig zijn. Hoewel er tal van maatregelen zijn genomen om AI te reguleren, is het vaak moeilijk om te weten of een AI-systeem in overeenstemming is met de wet door de ingewikkelde technologie achter AI.
Veel bedrijven moeten rekening houden met privacygegevens, netwerkbeveiliging, discriminatie en de integriteit van gegevens. Al deze factoren kunnen de betrouwbaarheid van een AI-systeem verzwakken als ze niet correct worden gehandhaafd.
Vermindering van bias
Een van de meest voorkomende problemen bij AI-systemen is dat ze kunnen lijden aan bias in hun training. Bias kan worden veroorzaakt door een verscheidenheid aan factoren: de gegevens die worden gebruikt voor het trainen van het model, de rekenmachine die wordt gebruikt, de gebruikte algoritmes en zelfs het verzorgend personeel van het bedrijf.
Het verminderen van biais bij AI-systemen vereist een grondige analyse van de gegevens die door het systeem worden verwerkt, alsmede een grondig onderzoek naar de algoritmische strategieën. Ook zou het systeem een soort kwantitatieve beoordeling kunnen doen op de trainingsgegevens om er zeker van te zijn dat de gegevens representatief zijn voor de bevolking waarvoor ze zijn bedoeld.
Daarnaast moet ook worden gecontroleerd of er verschillende begin- en eindpunten zijn voor gebruikte algoritmen. Als er verschillende begin- en eindpuntoptimalisaties aanwezig zijn, kan dit leiden tot een verscheidenheid aan resultaten, waardoor het moeilijker wordt om de betrouwbaarheid van het systeem te bepalen.
Verificatie voor betrouwbare AI-systemen
Hoewel sommige verantwoordelijkheden voor AI-systemen kunnen worden uitbesteed aan wekelijkse audits, moet er ook worden geverifieerd of AI-systemen veilig en betrouwbaar zijn. Deze verenigingen kunnen platformen moeten ontwikkelen om evaluatie te vereenvoudigen en koppelen met vergelijkbare technieken zoals kennisgestuurde programmeren (KLR), machine learning en gegevensbewaking.
Hoewel veel van deze technologieën nog steeds experimenteel zijn, zullen bedrijven ermee moeten gaan experimenteren om te zorgen dat hun AI-systemen betrouwbaar kunnen worden en rekening houden met toekomstige ontwikkelingen in de AI-sector.
Testingproces en simulaties
Een andere belangrijke stap bij het verbeteren van de betrouwbaarheid van AI-systemen is het verbeteren van het testen door goed te doen betreffende simulatie- en testomgevingen. Door AI- algoritmen primen aanbelangrijke tests te doen in een simulatie-omgeving, kunnen bedrijven zich ervan verzekeren dat AI-systeem veilig, betrouwbaar en doeltreffend is verantwoordelijk en handelend.
In dit verband moet een bedrijf ook een volledig beheerde, uitgebreide digitale infrastructuur installeren om het AI-systeem te ondersteunen. Dit helpt bij het simuleren van AI-omgevingen in dynamische en veranderende omstandigheden, die vergelijkbaar zijn met de werkelijke omgeving waarin het AI-systeem wordt gebruikt.
Daarnaast kunnen bedrijven ook experimenteren met verschillende algoritmische strategieën om ervoor te zorgen dat hun AI-systeem
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